Supermolecular structure of blends made of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
or isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM)
was studied with X-ray diffraction (WAXS and SAXS), differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) and positron annihilation spectroscopy. Experimental data
reveals different behaviour of the plastomers in the elastomer matrix. The
crystalline phase of LDPE is to some extent solvated by the amorphous EPDM
, whereas addition of iPP enhances the degree of the blend's crystallinity.
This additional crystalline phase is of imperfect nature and probably orig
inates from cocrystallization of propylene monomer units from EPDM onto IPP
particles. LDPE recrystallizes in the blends with EPDM at a lower temperat
ure, the higher the plastomer content. Contrary to this, iPP recrystallizes
in the rubber matrix at higher temperature. The blend's composition influe
nces the morphology of the crystalline phase. Interlamellar amorphous layer
thickness slightly increases with an increase of LDPE content, being simul
taneously accompanied by a slight decrease of the crystalline lamella thick
ness. The longs period values remain practically constant. In the case of i
PP/EPDM blends, the crystalline lamella thickness increases with an increas
e of the plastomer content, whereas the interlamellar amorphous layer remai
ns constant, which results in an increase of the long period. The reversed
tendency, observed for high-filled samples containing greater than or equal
to 50 phr of iPP, is likely to be associated with too many nucleation cent
res, finally reducing the spherulite size. Despite annihilation taking plac
e in the amorphous as well as the crystalline phase of polymers, the positr
on lifetime data stays in good agreement with the postulated supermolecular
structure of the blends.