On some applications of gradient elasticity to composite materials

Some applications of the gradient theory of elasticity to composite materia ls are discussed. A brief introduction to gradient theory is given and some mathematical aspects are provided. Of particular importance is a constitut ive equation of a higher-order strain gradient theory, and a particular for m of gradient theory for which the Ru-Aifantis theorem holds. Applications include a fiber pullout from a matrix, stress transfer in short fiber compo sites, and the transverse shearing of a sandwich plate. Size effects for al l three examples are provided. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights re served.