Polymorphism and polytypy for pericentric inversions in 38-chromosome Mastomys (Rodentia, Murinae) and possible taxonomic implications

Chromosome banding analysis (R- and C-bands) of two 38-chromosome Mastomys specimens originating from the Ivory Coast and Uganda revealed different nu mbers of autosome arms (NFa), equal to 51 and 60, respectively. Comparison of their chromosome banding patterns with those of Mastomys specimens from the Sudan (NFa = 41) and Senegal (NFa = 51-54), studied previously, showed that variation of the NFa from 40 to 60 throughout the species distribution is the result of a pericentric inversion polymorphism involving 3-12 chrom osome pairs. At the population level. this variation is much narrower and n ever results from more than two chromosome pairs involved in inversion poly morphism. Taking into account that the NFa values recorded to date form a w ell-defined discontinuous row, we presume that introgressive hybridization between populations differing from each other by 3-5 to 11-12 pericentric i nversions is interrupted. From there, the hypothesis of the existence of at least three cryptic species (designated provisionally as MER-1, MER-2, and MER-3) within 38-chromosome Mastomys populations previously assigned to M. erythroleucus can be made. It looks likely that one of them, possessing a karyotype with an NFa = 50-56, is widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa and includes karyotyped populations from Senegal, the Ivory Coast, Mall, Benin, Cameroon, Zaire, and the Sudan. The second species (MER-2) inc ludes the specimens karyotyped (NFa = 40-41) from Chad and the Sudan. Final ly, a third tentative species (MER-3) corresponds to specimens with NFa = 5 9-60 found in East Zaire and Uganda, as well as possibly Mall and Chad. Cop yright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel.