Coming back from economic despair: Case studies of small- and medium-size American cities

The authors examined a geographically and economically diverse group of 34 small- and medium-size communities that experienced long periods of economi c prosperity built around a major industry or company and that then suffere d economic declines when those industries substantially reduced their workf orces and in some instances closed. The authors' interviews with local offi cials and community leaders found that the response to this weakened econom ic position was typically delayed: Often a decade or more was required befo re a plan of action to attract new business and diversify its employment ba se was developed. Environmental and labor stigmas also had to be overcome. These places provide a valuable insight into what may lie ahead for other s mall- and medium-size communities that could be affected by the loss of a d ominant employer and others that may be faced with economic stagnation. The lack of leadership and a shared vision within a community is likely to pro ve economically disastrous.