Prevalence of asthma and other respiratory symptoms in children living near and away from opencast coal mining sites

Background Public concern about respiratory conditions prompted the investi gation of asthma and other respiratory diseases in children living near and away from opencast coal mining sites. Methods We selected all 4860 children aged ill years from five socioeconomi cally matched pairs of communities close to (OC) and away from (CC) active opencast sites. A postal questionnaire collected data on health and lifesty le. Outcomes were the cumulative and period prevalence (2 and 12 months) of wheeze, asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory symptoms. Results The cumulative prevalence of wheeze varied from 30% to 40% across t he ten communities, it was 36% in OC and 37% in CC. The cumulative prevalen ce of asthma was 22% in both OC and CC, varying between 12% and 24%. We fou nd little evidence for associations between living near an opencast site an d an increased prevalence of respiratory illnesses, or asthma severity. Som e outcomes such as allergies, hayfever, or cough varied little across the s tudy communities. Others, such as the use of asthma medication, the number of severe wheezing attacks in the past year or tonsillitis showed large var iation. These similarities and variations were not explained by differences in lifestyle factors or differences in health services delivery and remain unexplained. Conclusions There was little evidence of an association between residential proximity to opencast mining sites and cumulative or period prevalence of respiratory illness, or asthma severity. Some variations in health outcomes between communities remained unexplained.