Effects of time, temperature, and honey on Nosema apis (Microsporidia : Nosematidae), a parasite of the honeybee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera : Apidae)

Citation
La. Malone et al., Effects of time, temperature, and honey on Nosema apis (Microsporidia : Nosematidae), a parasite of the honeybee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera : Apidae), J INVER PAT, 77(4), 2001, pp. 258-268
Citations number
28
Categorie Soggetti
Animal Sciences
Journal title
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
ISSN journal
00222011 → ACNP
Volume
77
Issue
4
Year of publication
2001
Pages
258 - 268
Database
ISI
SICI code
0022-2011(200105)77:4<258:EOTTAH>2.0.ZU;2-3
Abstract
Newly emerged adult bees were fed with Nosema apis spores subjected to vari ous treatments, and their longevity, proportions of bees infected, and spor es per bee recorded. Spores lost viability after 1, 3, or 6 months in activ e manuka or multifloral honey, after 3 clays in multifloral honey, and afte r 21 days in water or sugar syrup at 33 degreesC. Air-dried spores lost via bility after 3 or 5 days at 40 degrees, 45 degrees, or 49 degreesC, Increas ing numbers of bees became infected with increasing doses of spores, regard less of their subsequent food (active manuka honey, thyme honey, or sugar s yrup). Final spore loads were similar among bees receiving the same food, r egardless of dose. Bees fed with either honey had lighter infections than t hose fed with syrup, but this may have been due to reductions in their long evity. Bees fed with manuka honey were significantly shorter lived, whether infected or not. (C) 2001 Academic Press.