We agree with almost all of the analysis in this, excellent presentation of
the molecular view of avoidance behavior. A few suggestions are as follows
: Referring to response-generated stimuli as "readily observable" seems not
quite right for the kinesthetic components of such stimuli, although their
scientific legitimacy is not questioned. Interpreting response-generated s
timuli as a form of the positive reinforcement is contested, and an alterna
tive interpretation is offered. A possibly simpler interpretation of the Si
dman (1962) two-lever experiment is suggested. We question Dinsmoor's (2001
) explanation for warning stimuli not being avoided, except Cot tile refere
nce to the weakness of third-order conditioning effects. A final question i
s raised regarding the nature of the variables that are responsible for the
momentary evocation of the avoidance response.