K. Kasai et al., INDUCTION OF TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN SYNTHESIS IN RAT CARDIAC MYOCYTES - IMPACT ON CYTOKINE-INDUCED NO GENERATION, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 42(2), 1997, pp. 665-672
Because tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for nitric
oxide (NO) formation, we investigated whether BH4 synthesis is require
d for cytokine-induced NO production in cultured rat cardiac myocytes.
The total biopterin content of untreated cardiac myocytes was below o
ur limit of detection. However, treatment with interleukin-1 alpha (IL
-1 alpha) + interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) caused a significant rise in
biopterin levels and induced NO synthesis. 2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimi
dine (DAHP), a selective inhibitor of GTP cyclohydrolase I (the rate-l
imiting enzyme for de novo BH4 synthesis), completely abolished the el
evation in biopterin levels induced by IL-1 alpha + IFN-gamma. DAHP al
so caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of (IL-1 alpha + IFN-ga
mma)-induced NO synthesis. Similarly, N-acetylserotonin, an inhibitor
of the BH4 synthetic enzyme sepiapterin reductase, blocked increases i
n biopterin levels as well as NO synthesis induced by IL-1 alpha + IFN
-gamma. Sepiapterin, substrate for BH4 synthesis via the pterin salvag
e pathway, prevented this inhibition by DAHP or N-acetylserotonin, and
this effect was blocked by methotrexate. Sepiapterin and, to a lesser
extent, BH4 dose dependently enhanced (IL-1 alpha + IFN-gamma)-induce
d NO synthesis, suggesting that the concentration of BH4 limits the ra
te of NO production. Inducible NO synthase mRNA and GTP cyclohydrolase
I mRNA were induced by IL-1 alpha + IFN-gamma in parallel. We thus de
monstrate that BH4 synthesis is an absolute requirement for induction
of NO synthesis by cytokines in cardiac myocytes.