Two cases which associate Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection, aspergi
lloma and preoperative unsuspected lung cancer are related. To our knowledg
e, the association of these three pathologies has never been previously rep
orted. These two cases, suggest that infected chronic lung lesions, especia
lly in smokers, should be closely monitored and be surgically removed in or
der to prevent further complications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All ri
ghts reserved.