Em. Ott et al., Population dynamics and antagonistic potential of enterococci colonizing the phyllosphere of grasses, J APPL MICR, 91(1), 2001, pp. 54-66
Aims: To investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of enterococci colon
izing forage grass and their ability to produce bacteriocins.
Methods and Results: Enterococci could be detected on above-ground plant pa
rts throughout the growing season, with high continuity but low cell number
s (2.60 x 10(1)-6.16 x 10(4) cfu g(-1) fresh matter). A total of 750 strain
s were isolated and identified by their whole-cell protein patterns as Ente
rococcus faecalis (7.9%), Ent. mundtii (7.9%), Ent. casseliflavus (5.5%), E
nt. faecium (5.2%) and Ent. sulfureus (0.1%). The vast majority of the stra
ins (69.7%) formed a homogeneous 16S rDNA genotype that differed from those
of known enterococci. A screening for antagonistic activity using an agar
spot test revealed that 18.4% of all isolates were potential antagonists. P
artially-purified proteins extracted from cell-free culture supernatant flu
ids of various species were characterized as pH- and heat-stable bacterioci
ns active against a wide range of lactic acid bacteria, clostridia and List
er ia. The producing strains were antagonistically active even on 'phyllopl
ane agar' at temperatures between 4 and 37 degreesC.
Conclusions: Enterococci are a common part of the epiphytic microflora of g
rasses, displaying probably some antagonistic activity.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The results provide new information o
n the distribution, species diversity and antagonistic potential of enteroc
occi in the phyllosphere.