Pipe friction head loss in transportation of high-concentration sludge forcentralized solids treatment

The objective of this study was to develop a method of predicting pipe fric tion head loss, which is a key factor in pipeline transportation of high-co ncentration sludge, thereby optimizing design for pipeline systems. The stu dy involved both experimentation and analysis of pipeline transportation. M oreover, the study led to the representation of pipe friction head loss as functions of average velocity, transportation distance, pipe diameter, pipe interior roughness, and solids viscosity and temperature.