M. Eneva et Y. Benzion, TECHNIQUES AND PARAMETERS TO ANALYZE SEISMICITY PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH LARGE EARTHQUAKES, J GEO R-SOL, 102(B8), 1997, pp. 17785-17795
A pattern recognition algorithm is developed to provide potential impr
ovements over existing earthquake prediction practices. The parameters
employed in the analysis include degree of spatial nonrandomness in t
wo distance ranges, spatial correlation dimension, spatial repetitiven
ess of earthquakes with a similar size, average depth of events, time
interval for the occurrence of a constant number of events, and ratio
of the numbers of events in two magnitude intervals. The parameter tem
poral variations are compared quantitatively with the time series of l
arge events using a technique of association in time. The significance
of the association frequencies is evaluated by comparison with chance
associations estimated from corresponding simulated random time serie
s. The developed techniques differ from existing approaches in the fol
lowing aspects. The parameters here emphasize the spatial distribution
of earthquakes. Possible correlations among the parameters are evalua
ted to determine the final set of parameters to be monitored Threshold
values for the assumed anomalies are chosen with consideration of pro
perties of the available earthquake catalogs, such as the number of la
rge events to be retrospectively predicted. Equal weight is given to b
oth locally high and locally low parameter values. Care is taken to di
stinguish between anomalies preceding large events and those following
previous events. It is shown that the relationship between precursory
local extrema and precursory trends is nonunique, with precursory loc
al extrema of the same type frequently associated with opposite observ
able precursory trends. The application of the seismicity parameters a
nd pattern recognition techniques is demonstrated using synthetic eart
hquake catalogs generated by models of segmented fault systems in a th
ree-dimensional elastic solid [Ben-Zion, 1996].