The need for the application of research-based data to diversified hea
lthcare systems has led to more attempts by nurse researchers to inves
tigate phenomena across clinical sites. Nurse executives increasingly
are asked to justify resource allocation among organizations, and must
compare patient-care practices within complex systems that are often
geographically distant. This article describes the pitfalls encountere
d and the progress made by researchers during a 4-year multisite, mult
imethod clinical investigation collecting clinical outcome and organiz
ational context data from seven hospitals.