The valence electron structures and bond energy of M3C pattern carbide
s in white cast irons are calculated on the basis of Yu Ruihuang's emp
irical electron theory of solids and molecules (E.E. T.) by means of b
ond length difference method (BLD). Based on the results, a difference
factor theta for measuring the difference between inner- and interlay
er bond forces is proposed to study the influence of alloying elements
Cr, Mn and W on the morphology of Fe3C during solidification.