SMALL-CELL CITY

Traditionally, mobile operators have planned their networks to accommo date mobile terminals at ground level. Increasingly, mobile users comm unicate while stationary from within high-rise buildings. With mobiles operating at a variety of different heights and mobilities, plus the requirement to accommodate increasing teletraffic and multimedia servi ces, there is a need to compact small cells into the three-dimensional city space. This article is concerned with using city buildings to ac t as electromagnetic molds that define the size and shape of each thre e-dimensional cell. Issues related to using these cells to form a mobi le radio network are discussed.