Women's entrance into the labor market in large numbers has exacerbate
d incompatibilities between employer and family interests. Research re
veals that conflict between paid work and family responsibilities has
been linked to decreased employee productivity as well as decreased fa
mily functioning. In this review, we explore the nature of job/family
incompatibility, organizational interests in family responsive policie
s, and the current prevalence of various policies within work organiza
tions. We then review what is known about the effectiveness of particu
lar family-responsive policies on organizational and family functionin
g. Finally, we consider barriers to further institutionalization of fa
mily responsive policy and suggest future research and policy directio
ns.