The Kostomuksha greenstone belt consists of two lithotectonic terranes
, one mafic igneous and the other sedimentary, separated by a major sh
ear zone, The former contains submarine 2.8 Gyr old komatiite-basalt l
avas and volcaniclastic lithologies with trace element and isotopic co
mpositions resembling those of recent oceanic flood basalts [epsilon N
d(T) = + 2.8, mu(1) = 8.73 (Nb/Th)N = 1.5-2.1 (Nb/La)N = 1.0-1.5], We
suggest that the mafic terrane is a remnant of the upper crustal part
of an Archaean oceanic plateau derived from partial melting of a mantl
e plume head.