G. Dominiakdzik et al., SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES AND EXCITED-STATE RELAXATION DYNAMICS OF ER3+ IN LINBO3, Applied physics. A, Solids and surfaces, 58(6), 1994, pp. 551-555
Nonequivalent Er3+ sites in LiNbO3 crystals have been evidenced by low
-temperature optical absorption measurements. The radiative transition
rates for the S-4(3/2), F-4(9/2), I-4(9/2), I-4(11/2), and I-4(13/2)
levels have been evaluated by the Judd-Ofelt method, and the contribut
ion of multiphonon relaxation to the decay of excited states has been
estimated. The quantum efficiency of the I-4(11/2) level has been esti
mated to be 6% only, thus the excitation of levels lower than S-4(3/2)
is expected to populate efficiently the I-4(13/2) level.