DEATHS FROM SUBSTANCE OVERDOSE IN THE LOTHIAN AND BORDERS REGION OF SCOTLAND (1983-1991)

1 A retrospective analysis of 352 consecutive cases of fatal substance overdose that occurred in the Lothian and Borders region of Scotland (LBRS) between 1983 and 1992 (inclusive) is presented. All these cases were subjected to a full forensic autopsy with histological and toxic ological studies. 2 The overall male:female ratio is 1,2:1. Males sign ificantly predominate (1.9:1) in the 21-30 year age group, but females significantly predominate (0.7-0.9:1) above the age of 50 years (P<0. 001). A significant progressive alteration in the sex ratio is noted: from 0.7:1 in 1988 to 2.4:1 in 1992 (P<0.001). 3 Analgesics account fo r 43.2% of all overdose deaths with narcotic analgesics representing 3 2.4%. Dextropropoxyphene is the commonest (38.2%) narcotic analgesic a nd fatal overdoses on it have been increasing since 1989; methadone de aths also showed an increase, Death from heroin overdose fell sharply in 1985. 4 Antidepressants account for 20.2% of deaths (tricyclics rep resenting 19.3%): Amitriptyline is the commonest (75.0%) tricyclic and its use, particularly by female suicides, has been increasing since 1 989. Barbiturate poisoning has declined considerably since 1986. 5 Tem azepam comprises 65.4% of all benzodiazepines overdose deaths; two-thi rds of fatal benzodiazepine abuse involve males. 6 This study once mor e emphasises that physicians, and especially general practitioners, mu st prescribe cautiously for their patients., Control through legislati on of the sale of non-narcotic analgesics is worth serious considerati on.