A. Miyashita et al., OLEFIN-INSERTION REACTION BETWEEN THE CARBONYLS OF BENZILS - FORMATION OF 1,4-DIKETONES BY MICHAEL ADDITION CATALYZED BY CYANIDE ION, Chemistry Letters, (8), 1997, pp. 697-698
Benzils (1) react with Michael addition accepters (2) in the presence
of cyanide ion as a catalyst to give 1,4-diketones (3): which are prod
ucts of ethylene group insertion between the carbonyls of the benzils.
The 1,4-diketones (3) are produced through the formation of the O-aro
ylmandelonitrile anion, followed by Michael addition and rearrangement
of the aroyl group with decyanation.