This paper examines some of the problems and questions that must be co
nsidered in relation to research on the role of growth factors in prei
mplantation embryos. It reviews and summarizes the large body of work
on gene expression of growth factor receptors and ligands in preimplan
tation embryos and in oviduct and uterine tissue. It also reviews the
literature on the effects of gene knockout in preimplantation embryos
and concludes with a review of work on the effects of growth factors o
n cultured embryos.