The increasing endemicity of tuberculosis resulting from causes such a
s immigration, poverty, a declining public health infrastructure and c
o-infection by HIV/Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is leading to a change
in tuberculosis control programmes. One of the main reasons for the re
surgence of tuberculosis is HIV infection - the risk of tuberculosis i
s greater in HIV patients than in the majority of the population as ca
n be seen from numerous research projects. The need for systematic tes
ting for HIV infection in all tuberculosis patients by undertaking con
fidential HIV tests on admission to a tuberculosis programme is brough
t our. This measure would increase the number of cases diagnosed and p
rovide data far better surveillance of the co-infection.