Expressive emotion regulation in response to stress following inoculat
ion was examined in 30 18-month-olds. Fourteen were exposed to cocaine
in utero and 16 were drug-free. Findings indicated that the cocaine-e
xposed group displayed fewer discrete negative expressions of distress
and anger and more sadness in response to acute pain. These results s
uggest that cocaine exposure may exert an influence on the expression
of emotion into the second year of life.