Yn. Moiseev et al., LOCAL PROBING INSTRUMENTATION AT ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES CENTER - SURFACE AND FORCE DEVICES WITH TUNNELING SENSOR, Journal of vacuum science & technology. B, Microelectronics and nanometer structures processing, measurement and phenomena, 12(3), 1994, pp. 1690-1693
Force and surface devices with tunneling sensor-scanning tunneling and
atomic force microscopes-are constructed. Thermal drift, seismic and
electronic noise are eliminated in precise experiments. The tunneling
sensor is proved to be advantageous for large scale images and force v
ersus distance measurements with high dynamic range and subnanometer r
esolution. The influence of adsorbate on scanning tunneling microscope
(STM) images of graphite is demonstrated. The holes 2 nm in diameter
are produced on graphite exposed at air using STM.