T. Schubert et al., REFRACTIVE-INDEX MEASUREMENTS USING AN INTEGRATED MACH-ZEHNDER INTERFEROMETER, Sensors and actuators. A, Physical, 60(1-3), 1997, pp. 108-112
In this paper a refractometer system with an integrated optical sensor
is presented. The sensitive element is a single or multichannel Mach-
Zehnder interferometer (MZI) fabricated on silicon using waveguides ma
de from SiO2 and SiON. The refractometer allows for real-time monitori
ng of refractive indices of gases and liquids in an index range betwee
n 1 and 1.49 using the silicon MZI as a low-cost disposable part.