I. Kadar et B. Lasztity, CHANGES IN THE DRY-MATTER ACCUMULATION AN D NUTRIENT CONTENT OF OATS DURING THE VEGETATION PERIOD, Novenytermeles, 46(3), 1997, pp. 267-274
In an 8-year NPK fertilisation experiment carried out on chernozem soi
l with lime deposits, studies were made on the dry matter accumulation
of oats and on changes in the contents of major nutrients (N, P, K, C
a, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn) as a function of time and NPK supplies. The experim
ental soil initially had a high Mn content, satisfactory supplies of M
g and Cu, moderate supplies of N and K and poor supplies of P and Zn,
The ploughed layer contained approx. 5% CaCO3 and 3% humus. As the res
ult of the treatments 4 supply levels (poor, moderate, satisfactory, h
igh) were created for the three macroelements, N, P and K (4x4x4=64 tr
eatments), each in 2 replications, giving a total of 128 plots. Plant
samples were taken from the aboveground parts of 4 linear metres per p
lot at the end of tillering and at shooting, heading and harvest (grai
n, straw). The following conclusions can be drawn from the results: 1.
Dry matter accumulation showed a constant increase from tillering to
full maturity. It was most intensive for 5-6 weeks following heading,
during which time mom than half the aboveground dry matter accumulated
. The maximum grain yields (5-6 t/ha) were ensured with an annual 100
kg/ha N fertilisation and satisfactory P supplies. K fertilisation had
no effect on this loamy (20% clay-containing) soil. 2. The concentrat
ion of macroelements decreased in time. N and P concentrated in the gr
ain, and ea and K in the straw. Mg was found in roughly equal quantiti
es in the main and by-products at harvest. There was a substantial ris
e in the NPK content after NPK fertilisation, while the contentrations
of Ca and Mg declined as a function of the K supplies (K-Ca, K-Mg ion
antagonism). 3. The drop in element concentrations in aging plant tis
sues was also perceptible for the major microelements. P supplies gene
rally improved the uptake of Fe and Mn, but reduced that of 2n to almo
st a half However, an increase in the Id supplies was able to counterb
alance the P-induced reduction in the Zn content. Plentiful N supplies
also had a positive effect on the uptake and incorporation of Cu.