ANALYSES OF ANCHOR PULL-OUT IN CONCRETE

Results are presented of a numerical and experimental analysis of the pull-out behaviour of steel anchors embedded in concrete. In the exper iments the influence of friction in the supports was minimized by supp orting the specimens with double hinged bars. The support span was var ied and lateral constraint was applied by mounting steel bars at both sides of the anchor plate. The effects of varying these boundary condi tions and of the specimen size are discussed. In the numerical model u sed the material is schematized at the meso-level as a lattice of brit tle breaking beam elements. In the lattice model used the heterogeneit y of concrete is introduced by varying the strength or the length of t he beam elements. To determine the strength values of each beam elemen t, a generated grain structure is projected on top of a regular lattic e. When heterogeneity is introduced by varying the length of the beams , the strength of each element is kept constant. Comparison with the n umerical simulations shows that there is good agreement with the failu re mechanisms observed in the tests.