Previous observations on the dissemination of Coxiella burnetii betwee
n laboratory animals strongly support the hypothesis of venereal trans
mission. Serum and semen samples, from 57 bulls used for artificial in
semination, were assayed for specific C. burnetii phase II antibodies
and the presence of the organism respectively. Viable C. burnetii were
detected in the semen of seropositive bulls. These findings indicate
the possibility of sexual transmission of C. burnetii between cattle a
nd further our knowledge of the epidemiology of the organism. The proc
edures used for investigations into the source of infection and route
of transmission should be modified to take these findings into account
.