DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY AND MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON IN SALT-AFFECTED SOILS OF SEMIARID AND ARID REGIONS

Excessive cunounts of salts present in the soil have an adverse impact on soil microbial population and their activities. Since microbial bi omass represents an important reservoir of nutrients and is of crucial importance for long-term fertility of soils, the dehydrogenase activi ty (DHA) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were determined in typical saline, alkali, and saline-alkali sandy soils of northwestern India b y collecting soil samples from the surface 0.30 m. In the 0-0.15 m soi l layer, DHA declined by 71 % at electrical conductance (ECe) 28.0 and by 87% at ECe 40.8 dS m(-1) compared with ECe 18.0 dS m(-1) for the s oil's saturation paste extract. The decrease in MBC was evident at ECe > 32.0 and 19 dS m(-1) in the 0-0.15 and 0.15-0.30 m soil layers, res pectively. A reduction in pH of an alkali soil from 10.6 to 8.5 with g ypsum application increased DHA from 2.5 to 10.4 mu g TPF g(-1) soil. In the saline-alkali sandy soil of an arid region (0-0.15 m), DHA was 5.3 mu g TPF g(-1) at ECe 33.4 dS m(-1), which increased to 16.0 mu g TPF g(-1) under the natural weed Luni (Suaeda spp.) at ECe 17.9 dS m(- 1), and it was 8.3 mu g TPF g(-1) at ECe 24.4 dS m(-1) in the soil cro pped with groundnut-wheat rotation. DHA and MBC decreased with increas e in soil depth. DHA was negatively correlated with pH (r = -0.96 in b arren alkali soil) and ECe (r = -0.767 in saline soil), while it was p ositively correlated with organic C (r = 0.812). Similarly, MBC was po sitively correlated with organic C (r = 0.593) and negatively correlat ed with ECe (r = -0.528). Saline soil dominated by NaCl and Na2SO4 sal ts had higher DHA than barren alkali and saline-alkali sandy soils, wh ich was probably due to higher organic C content.