Two experiments tested the idea that empathy-induced helping is due to
self-other merging. To manipulate empathy, half of the participants i
n each experiment received instructions to remain objective while hear
ing about a young woman in need (low-empathy condition), and half rece
ived instructions to imagine her feelings (high-empathy condition). To
check generality of the empathy-helping relationship, half in each em
pathy condition learned that the young woman was a student at their un
iversity (shared group membership), and half learned that she was a st
udent at a rival university (unshared group membership). Self-reported
empathy for and willingness to help the young woman were assessed, an
d 3 measures of self-other merging were taken. In each experiment, an
empathy-helping relationship was found, unqualified by group membershi
p, that could not be accounted for by any of the merging measures.