A comparison between occlusal deviations in the permanent dentition in
the skulls of 94 19th century and 157 present-day Austrian males was
made by means of the PAR Index. It was found that the contemporary den
titions showed significantly higher malocclusion scores than the 19th
century sample (weighted PAR Index 11.79 and 6.62, respectively). The
results show that secular changes in malocclusion have occurred during
the last 100 years.