ASSAULTS BY PATIENTS ON PSYCHIATRIC-RESIDENTS AT 3 TRAINING SITES

Objective: This study attempted to determine how often psychiatric res idents are exposed to violence, the types of violence they encounter, and what institutional changes might increase their safety. Methods: S afety conditions at two private general hospitals and one state hospit al that served as training sites for a psychiatric residency program w ere assessed through a survey of psychiatric residents and site visits to the hospitals. The survey asked residents to quantify violent inci dents occurring in the emergency rooms, wards, and clinics at each sit e, The site visits focused on safety issues related to staff training, physical layout, staffing patterns, current policies, and compliance with policies. Results: All 47 residents in the training program respo nded to the survey. None reported serious injury, although as many as 56 percent had been physically assaulted on the wards of one hospital, and 54 percent of residents had encountered a weapon in one emergency room, Almost all residents had been verbally threatened or had witnes sed violence to others. A paradoxical finding of the survey was that t he residents felt safest in the hospital that had the highest rate of violence. The site visits revealed that deficiencies in the safety pro cedures were allowing weapons to be brought into patient care areas. C onclusions: Psychiatric residents are often exposed to dangerous situa tions, although serious injury is rare. Residents' beliefs about their level of safety seem to be influenced more by how competent they perc eive the staff to be than by the frequency of violence. The findings f rom the site visits pointed to two steps to increase safety, creating a weapon-free environment by searching all patients and finding ways t o improve compliance with existing safety measures.