HIV infection results in a profound weakening of the immune system tha
t leaves the patient vulnerable to a bewildering array of clinical com
plications. Understanding of the pathogenesis of these clinical compli
cations, knowledge of the current stage and treatment of HIV infection
, and recognition of certain clinical syndromes can help the clinician
sort through these potential complications, prioritize them, and form
ulate a plan for diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a summ
ary of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
of the most common complications of HIV infection.