The concept and schema of race continue to exert a major influence on
studies of human biology. The racial paradigm informs evolutionary stu
dies in spite of evidence indicating that categories based on external
phenotype are not valid. Racial thinking is especially prevalent in s
tudies of Africa. It persists in defiance of genetic data that deconst
ruct such thinking, probably as a result of the sociocultural milieu,
linger research traditions, and a lack of appreciation of the implicat
ions of modern genetic studies.