Zy. Jiang et al., CHEMOSENSORY AND PHOTOSENSORY PERCEPTION IN PURPLE PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA UTILIZE COMMON SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION COMPONENTS, Journal of bacteriology, 179(18), 1997, pp. 5720-5727
The chemotaxis gene cluster from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhonospi
rillum centenum contains five open reading frames (ORFs) that have sig
nificant sequence homology to chemotaxis genes from other bacteria. To
elucidate the functions of each ORF, we have made various mutations i
n the gene cluster and analyzed their phenotypic defects, Deletion of
the entire che operon (Delta che), as well as nonpolar disruptions of
cheAY, cheW, and cheR, resulted in a smooth-swimming phenotype, wherea
s disruption of cheB resulted in a locked tumbly phenotype. Each of th
ese mutants was defective in chemotactic response. Interestingly, disr
uption of cheY resulted in a slight increase in the frequency of tumbl
ing/reversal with no obvious defects in chemotactic response. In contr
ast to observations with Escherichia coli and several other bacteria,
we found that all of the che mutant cells were capable of differentiat
ing into hyperflagellated swarmer cells when plated on a solid agar su
rface. When viewed microscopically, the smooth-swimming che mutants ex
hibited active surface motility but were unable to respond to a step-d
own in light intensity, Both positive and negative phototactic respons
es were abolished in all che mutants, including the cheY mutant, These
results indicate that eubacterial photosensory perception is mediated
by light-generated signals that are transmitted through the chemotaxi
s signal transduction cascade.