We present sensitive, high resolution maps of HC3N emission in the cir
cumstellar envelope of IRC+10216. We have mapped the J = 16 - 15, J =
18 - 17 and J = 24 - 23 transitions at 1mm and 2mm wavelength. Contrar
y to previous maps of lower transitions, they show centrally peaked in
tensity distributions. We resolve this discrepancy by modelling the vi
brational and rotational excitation of HC3N, showing that it largely r
esults from radiative and collisional excitation in the envelope inner
layers. The HC3N abundance is changed by this result in the sense tha
t HC3N is more abundant than previously thought. Our new results are c
ompared with chemical models.