T. Shigematsu et al., NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF IRON AND COPPER AT 10(13)-10(14)-ATOMS-CENTER-DOT-M(-2) ON SILICON-WAFER SURFACE, Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry, 216(2), 1997, pp. 237-240
The surface concentrations of copper and iron in currently used silico
n wafers are lower than 10(14) atoms . m(-2). To determine such ultra-
trace elements accurately by neutron activation analysis, we measured
the efficiencies of a well-type Ge detector for Fe-59 gamma-rays and C
u-64 annihilation gamma-rays. We also developed methods for preparing
samples for copper and iron analysis including a low-temperature silic
on direct-bonding technique. We have applied these techniques to deter
mine copper and iron on the surface of clean silicon wafers, and obtai
ned concentrations of 10(13)-10(14) atoms . m(-2).