Vd. Bermudez et al., CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES OF SULFAMIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVES - PROTON CONDUCTING MATERIALS, Journal of materials chemistry, 7(9), 1997, pp. 1677-1692
The state of the art in proton conducting polymers is described and th
e interest in the use of sulfonamide groups to prepare a series of suc
h polymers is stressed. The most relevant aspects of the chemical and
physical characteristics of sulfamide are reviewed. Its history is bri
efly presented. A detailed description of the structure and molecular
environment of crystalline sulfamide is given. Our contribution to the
interpretation of the Raman and IR spectra of sulfamide in the 4000-5
0 cm(-1) range at melt temperature, 300 and 77 K is reported. The magn
itude of the intra-and inter-molecular couplings existent in the NH st
retching bands in sulfamide at room temperature and the geometry of th
e NH2 groups in this compound are discussed. The existence of a phase
transition is proposed and the participation of hydrogen bonds examine
d. The protonation and hydrolysis of sulfamide and related compounds a
re referred to. Reactions with amines, amine exchange and rearrangemen
ts of several sulfamide type compounds are analysed. Some data associa
ted with the sublimation of sulfamide are indicated. The effect of ion
izing radiation on sulfamide is mentioned. The interpretation of the t
hermochemistry and pyrolysis of sulfamide suggested in the literature
is analysed. Several possible applications of sulfamide in polymer syn
thesis are pointed out. The results we present indicate that pristine
sulfamide may be classified as the fourth known molecule to work as a
solvent for acidic protons, in a way similar to water, phosphoric acid
or imidazole. Our studies reveal that the electrochemical stability o
f crystalline sulfamide spans ca. 1 V. Future directions in the field
of proton conducting materials based on sulfamide are suggested.