A COMPARISON OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS USED TOASSESS KNOWLEDGE OF FOOT CARE AMONG PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

Many diabetes-related pathologies, especially among neuropathic patien ts, are potentially avoidable. Prevention, however, requires appropria te knowledge and understanding. To assess our ability to effect change in behaviour we need adequate tools to measure not only knowledge but also understanding and change of behaviour. To assess individuals' kn owledge and beliefs towards diabetic footcare, we used both quantitati ve and qualitative methods: a structured questionnaire composed of 20 questions was completed by the respondent, followed by a semi-structur ed interview conducted by the chiropodist. Results from the structured questionnaire were inconsistent with those from the interviews (Wilco xon test, p < 0.008). The former demonstrated an average knowledge sco re of 45 % while performance during the interview generated data which suggested poorer knowledge levels. Respondents who correctly identifi ed a series of statements regarding diabetic footcare within the quest ionnaire could not then apply this knowledge meaningfully when intervi ewed. A structured questionnaire may not be the best means of assessin g patients' knowledge and understanding. We need not only to improve p atient education regarding footcare, but also to improve our means of measuring patient knowledge and understanding, more accurately to asse ss the success or otherwise of our interventions. (C) 1997 by John Wil ey & Sons, Ltd.