In recent years, a number of countries have embraced harm reduction as
their principal philosophical stance and policy platform on alcohol a
nd other drug-related problems. Harm reduction, while argued by some a
s not being a new concept, has dramatically changed the overall orient
ation of many health and human service approaches. We argue that as a
result many important considerations have been overlooked. This paper
explores the merits of harm reduction and examines the limitations and
potential pitfalls that may exist in its application in the veal worl
d. For instance, where do we position non-drug-use? Such questions are
raised in light of the impression perpetuated by some leading practit
ioners in this field that harm reduction is a global panacea for alcoh
ol and drug problems. Without exploring all possible paths, progress t
oward our holy grail of minimising the harms and maximising the potent
ial benefits of drug use will be hampered. An integrated model is disc
ussed, which we believe provides an opportunity for wider acceptance a
nd ownership by alcohol and drug stakeholders, politicians and the com
munity.