REFRACTORY ASCITES - MIDTERM RESULTS OF TREATMENT WITH A TRANSJUGULARINTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT

PURPOSE: To assess midterm results and examine factors associated with successful treatment of refractory ascites with creation of a transju gular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 50 patients with refractory ascites, TIPS creation was performed. C linical and ultrasound follow-up were performed. Success was defined a s survival with no further therapeutic paracentesis and decreased asci tes. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 11.6 months after the TIPS procedure. Major complications occurred in 16% of patients including intraperito neal hemorrhage, refractory encephalopathy, and progression of liver a nd renal failure. Overall mortality was 60% (30 patients). In 23 (62%) of 37 patients not lost to follow-up, ascites was controlled successf ully at 1-3 months. A bilirubin level greater than 3.0 mg/dL (52 mu mo l/L) and creatinine level greater than 1.9 mg/dL (170 mu mol/L) were a ssociated with treatment failure (86% treatment failure at 3 months) a nd early mortality (P = .03). In all 14 patients alive at 1-year follo w-up, ascites was controlled successfully. CONCLUSION: TIPS creation i s often useful in treatment of severe ascites not controlled with medi cal therapy. In patients with advanced liver and renal failure, TIPS c reation is not associated with a definite benefit and may hasten death .