KINETICS OF AMINOLYSIS OF SOME BENZOYL FLUORIDES AND BENZOIC ANHYDRIDES IN NON-HYDROXYLIC SOLVENTS

The kinetic form of the spontaneous aminolysis of benzoyl fluorides in non-hydroxylic solvents is unlike that reported for the other benzoyl halides, but is similar to that found for the aminolysis of esters. V ariations on the mechanisms currently advocated for ester aminolysis a re suggested for the benzoyl fluoride reactions. Tetrahedral intermedi ates are likely, but their rate-determining breakdown to products may involve a simultaneous proton transfer to the leaving fluoride ion. Th e kinetic behaviour differs from that found for aqueous solutions. The kinetics of the spontaneous aminolysis of benzoic anhydrides by prima ry amines, and by morpholine, in dioxane solution are first-order in e ach reagent over a wide amine concentration range, but the aminolysis by imidazoles involves also an important kinetic term second-order in amine. The mechanistic implications are discussed. Again the observati ons differ from some of those reported for aqueous solutions. For amin olyses of a variety of acylating agents, kinetic observations using no n-hydroxylic solvents show that the easier it is for the leaving group to depart, owing to the structure of the acylating agent and/or that of the attacking amine, the less important become paths involving two or more amine molecules, but that such paths are generally more import ant than they are in hydroxylic solvents.