Cf. Ndiaye et al., PERIODONTAL STATUS OF HIV-1 AND HIV-2 SEROPOSITIVE AND HIV SERONEGATIVE FEMALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN SENEGAL, Journal of periodontology, 68(9), 1997, pp. 827-831
COMPREHENSIVE STUDIES OF 92 commercial sex workers in Senegal, Africa
included an oral examination in which we obtained measurements of deca
yed, missing, and filled (DMF) teeth; plaque index; gingival index; re
cession; probing depth (PD); clinical attachment loss (GAL); and the p
resence of HIV-associated periodontal lesions, under conditions wherei
n the examiner was unaware of the subject's HIV status. Twenty-seven s
ubjects (29%) were HIV seropositive, 19 of whom were positive for HIV-
1, 7 positive for HIV-2, and 1 positive for both. Most subjects were n
ot taking any medications and previous dental care was limited. HIV-se
ronegative and HIV-seropositive subjects were similar in mean age, num
ber of DMF teeth, percentage of sites with visible plaque, and number
of sites with recession. However, the frequency of sites with gingival
bleeding, with PD greater than or equal to 6 mm, and with CAL greater
than or equal to 6 mm was significantly greater in seropositive than
seronegative subjects. No differences were observed between HIV-1 and
HIV-2 positive subjects. About 26% of HIV-seropositive subjects and ab
out 5% of the seronegative subjects exhibited at least one site with c
oncurrent PD greater than or equal to 6 mm and CAL greater than or equ
al to 6 mm. HIV-associated periodontal lesions were seen in 3 HIV-sero
positive subjects (2 linear gingival erythema, 1 necrotizing periodont
itis). One HIV-seronegative subject exhibited necrotizing gingivitis.
In this population with multiple risks to oral health, both HIV-1 and
HIV-2 infections were associated with a significantly increased preval
ence of periodontal disease.