This article presents an emerging theoretical perspective for understa
nding organizational learning and what it takes to build learning orga
nizations. The concept of learning architecture is introduced as a cri
tical element in understanding organizational learning. The learning a
rchitecture consists of the organization's framing mechanisms, memory,
knowledge, and learning processes which connect these three structure
s. The article provides insight into the role of evaluation as an impo
rtant link to (a) understanding the learning architecture of organizat
ions, and (b) helping organizations to transform the learning organiza
tion ideal into reality. It concludes with a framework to guide evalua
tors in uncovering an organization's existing learning architecture an
d designing a new learning architecture essential to building a learni
ng organization.