Ra. Larue et al., PHOTON-COUNTING III-V HYBRID PHOTOMULTIPLIERS USING TRANSMISSION MODEPHOTOCATHODES, I.E.E.E. transactions on electron devices, 44(4), 1997, pp. 672-678
This paper reports on the development of solid-state hybrid photomulti
plier tubes using high quantum efficiency, transmission mode, III-V ph
otocathodes, The first strike low-noise gain mechanism in these device
s is provided via electron bombardment of a solid-state GaAs Schottky
diode, In addition, a second-stage gain is provided by solid-state ava
lanching within a GaAs Schottky APD (SAPD) anode, A combined gain of 2
x 10(4), adequate for photon counting, is achieved, Device bandwidth,
exceeding 1 GHz, is optimized by tailoring the diode anode structure,
The combined traits of this device provide high quantum efficiency, l
arge dynamic range, large bandwidth, and adequate gain for photon coun
ting, Photon counting beyond 1 mu m is feasible for a cooled device, T
he tube structure, diode anode structure, noise issues and preliminary
photon counting results are discussed.