Dt. Vader et al., EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SUBCOOLED LIQUID-NITROGEN IMPINGEMENT COOLING OF A SILICON CHIP, IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and manufacturing technology. Part A, 18(4), 1995, pp. 788-794
A technique was developed to facilitate subcooled pool boiling and jet
impingement boiling of liquid nitrogen at the surface of a silicon ch
ip by varying the dewar pressure while maintaining the bath temperatur
e constant at about 78 K. Subcooling levels of up to 10 K could be eas
ily reached by pressurizing the liquid nitrogen bath with helium gas.
Convective and boiling impingement cooling of up to 80 W/cm(2) from a
silicon chip has been measured for a submerged subcooled liquid nitrog
en jet.