Aa. Krasnoperova et al., FABRICATION OF HARD X-RAY PHASE ZONE-PLATE BY X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY, Journal of vacuum science & technology. B, Microelectronics and nanometer structures processing, measurement and phenomena, 11(6), 1993, pp. 2588-2591
Fresnel phase zone plates for hard x-ray microfocusing have been fabri
cated. An original x-ray mask written by e-beam lithography was replic
ated into thick PMMA by x-ray proximity printing. The pattern was tran
sferred into gold and nickel by electroplating. A smallest linewidth o
f 0.25 mum with an aspect ratio of 14 in the metal pattern has been ac
hieved. Thickness of fabricated zone plates was dictated by a pi-phase
shift requirement for focusing of the x rays at 8 and 20 keV energies
.