Aa. Ilicheva et al., SURFACTANT EFFECTS ON THE AGGREGATION AND STRUCTURE OF STABILIZED ZIRCONIA PREPARED BY SOL-GEL PROCESSING, Inorganic materials, 32(7), 1996, pp. 736-740
The introduction of 0.01-0.1 wt % polyvinyl alcohol into solutions for
sol-gel synthesis of yttria- or ceria-stabilized zirconia was found t
o reduce the average aggregate size of the resultant material by about
50%.