ASSESSMENT OF LEADERSHIP IN CHILDREN, YOUTH AND ADULTS

Current theories of leadership are reviewed, Eleven leadership measure s, six for children and youth and five for adults, are reviewed in the context of these theories and with psychometric standards for test us e. In general, the measures are normed inadequately and lack informati on about reliability and validity. The use of short subscales embedded within other scales, which themselves often are inadequate, should be avoided. Currently, we lack the assessment technology to measure lead ership adequately in children and youth. Leadership measures for adult s are more promising, especially the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire, the Supervisory Behavior Description Questionnaire, and the Campbell Leadership Index.