The following six intraorganizational influence strategies were scaled
by Kipnis, Schmidt, and Wilkinson (1980) among others: reason, upward
appeals, ingratiation, exchange, assertiveness, and sanctions. Drawin
g back on the data of Kipnis et al., Wunderer's and Weibler's (1992) h
ypothesis that all these strategies can be reduced at two basic dimens
ions was tested empirically with exploratory and confirmatory factor a
nalysis and refused. A non-orthogonal three-factor model attained the
best goodness of fit.